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Outline
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Chapter 2
  • The First Minnesotans
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The early people of Minnesota left artifacts for us to study.  Was there also written text left to study?
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                 NO!
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Which part of the state did most of the early Minnesotans live in?
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The Northern Part
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Name three of the largest animals that lived in prehistoric Minnesota.
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Mammoths, mastadons and giant bison.
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Were some burial mounds animal shaped?
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                 Yes
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Do archaeologists know exactly when the first humans arrived in Minnesota?
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                No
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What did the early Minnesotans do before 6,000 BC?
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Hunted mammoths and mastadons
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What did the early Minnesotans do between 6,000 BC and 1000 BC?
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They hunted bison, deer, beavers and other small animals.
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What did the early Minnesotans do between 1000 BC and 1000 AD?
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"Hunted bison"
  • Hunted bison, deer, beavers, and other small animals.
  • Developed potery for cooking and storing food.
  • Built burial mounds.
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What did the early Minnesotans do after 1,000 AD?
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"Built palisades"
  • Built palisades.
  • Hunted bison, deer, beavers and other small animals.
  • Developed farming technologies and tools.
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How do we know the people of Grand Mound ate sturgeon?
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"Sturgeon bones were found at..."
  • Sturgeon bones were found at the site.
  • Harpoons were found at the site.
  • The location is near a sturgeon spawning river.
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Name the many ways the early Minnesotans adapted and used their environment.
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"They followed animal herds"
  • They followed animal herds.
  • When large animals disappeared, people switched to hunting smaller animals.
  • They followed sturgeon.
  • They developed farming in the south.
  • They created pottery to store foods throughout the winter.
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How has Minnesota’s climate and environment changed in the past 17,000 years?
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"Before 6000 BC"
  • Before 6000 BC, there were glaciers in the north, thick forests, lakes and some grasslands.
  • Between 6000 BC and 1000 BC the climate became warmer and drier, the trees went north, grasslands spread, and pine and leafy-tree forests grew.
  • Around 1000 BC the climate cooled to present-day levels and plant life became similar to today.
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Essay choice 1 – Do you think that if archaeologists do more research, they will solve all the mysteries about the early Minnesotans?  Why or why not?  Use evidence given in the chapter to support your argument.
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Essay choice 2 – Describe at least three ways in which food gathering or tool development changed the lives of early Minnesotans.  Think about pottery, tools, and storage pits.